Native American Genocide Essay Example For Students

Native American Genocide Essay In this paper, I will argue that the act of genocide as here defined, has been committed by the United States of America, upon the tribes and cultures of Native Americans, through mass indoctrination of its youths. Primary support will be drawn from Jorge Noriegas work, American Indian Education in the United States. The paper will then culminate with my personal views on the subject, with ideas of if and how the United States might make reparations to its victims. In lieu of the well known and brutal Indian Wars, there is a means of cultural destruction of Native Americans, which began no later than 1611. This method was one of indoctrination. Methods included the forced removal of children from their cultural milieu and enrollment of these children in educational programs, which were intended to instill more European beliefs. As the United States was not formally a Nation, until 1776, it would not be fair to use evidence, before this year in building a case against it. The most damaging, to the United States, are parcels of evidence that are drawn from events after 1948, the year of the Convention on Genocide. Beginning in 1778, the United States Board of War, a product of the Continental Congress appropriated grants for the purpose of, the maintenance of Indian students at Dartmouth College and the College of New Jersey The young people who had returned from the schools are described by Seneca leader, Cornplanter as, ignorant of every means of living in the Woods, unable to bear either Cold or Hunger, they knew neither how to build a Cabin, take a Deer, or kill an Enemy, they spoke our Language imperfectly, were therefore neither fit for Hunters, Warriors, nor Counselors; they were totally good for nothing (Noriega, 376). Grants given to other schools was just the beginning. In 1820, the United States made plans for a large scale system of boarding and day schools Noriega, 377). These schools were given the mission to, instruct its students in letters, labor and mechanical arts, and morals and Christianity; training many Indian leaders' Noriega, 378). In the case of boarding schools, Native American children would be forcibly stripped from their homes as early as five years old. They would then live sequestered from their families and cultures until the age of seventeen or eighteen (Noriega, 381). In 1886, it was decided, by the United States federal government that Native American tribal groups would no longer be treated as indigenous national governments. The decision was made, not by the conjoint efforts of the Native American tribes and Congress; but, by the powers that be the United States Legal System. This self-ordained power allowed Congress to pass a variety of other laws, directed towards, assimilating, Native Americans, so that they would become a part of mainstream white America (Robbins, 90) By this time the United States Government, had been funding over a dozen distinct agencies, to provide mandatory education to all native children aged six through sixteen. Enrollment was enforced through leverage given by the 1887 General Allotment Act, which made Natives dependent on the Government for Annuities and Rations (Noriega, 382). The practice of indigenous religions by these students was prohibited (Noriega, 380). Students were compelled to undergo daily instruction in Christianity. In addition, only the use of English was accepted within these schools. The food was not sufficiiently nourishinghealth supervision was generally neglectedA sincere effort was made to develop the type of school that would destroy tribal ways (Noriega, 382). While being held captive at these schools, the students were forced to learn an idealism completely foreign to them. Internet Crimes Essay They would study histories, which had no significance to there lives. The books talk to him the student of a world which in no way reminds him of his own, (Noriega, ). This is exactly how the students must have felt; as if they were in another world. To compound .

Tips For High School Application Essay Sample Writing

Tips For High School Application Essay Sample WritingA high school application essay is a challenge. College applications are competitive, especially for students who have some type of special talent or desire. Each year, tens of thousands of students apply to colleges and universities. It's not uncommon for students to have to rewrite their high school applications several times just to get their application into the admissions process.The challenges with high school essays are obvious. Writing a persuasive essay is no easy task. Add to that the fact that college admissions committees are very selective about which applicants they consider for admission. In order to make it through the gate, you need to be able to convince the committee that you are the best person for the position that they are offering.If you are a high school student applying to colleges and universities for the first time, a high school application essay sample can help you improve your skills. Writing a compell ing essay requires that you start from a strong base. Taking notes while reading a sample essay written by someone else can also help you work on what you have written before you begin writing your own.Another technique for writing a persuasive essay is to include general personal attributes in your essay. Often these basic personal statements can really grab the attention of the reader. They will read your essay as if you have a history or hobby or interest in them. By including what you do or don't have, this will help you stand out from the crowd.Finally, look at the situation in which you will be using your experience. Some of the experiences that you are going to write about in your essay will be pretty basic. The experiences you talk about will be those that are immediately applicable to your college application. These could be subjects like math or English.In college application essays, students often start with a reference to an experience that they have had. This kind of st atement is good. It provides information to the reader about what they are looking for. However, students should not end the essay with a reference to an experience. That would defeat the purpose of creating a compelling essay.A high school application essay sample can really help you to hone your writing skills. Although you may find that you have to revise it a few times, that does not mean that you have failed. As you learn how to use the knowledge that you have acquired from writing the sample essay, you will eventually be able to create something that is more than your admissions counselor has seen before. In the end, what you provide is your best effort to convince the committee that you are the best person for the job.

Conflict Between Palestine and Israel

Introduction Since the Israelis and Palestinians believe that they have equal rights to the land that they live in, violence keeps erupting between the two groups. This is because the Palestinians argue that the Israelis chased them from their land while the Jews argue that the land belongs to them based on historical terms (Gunderson 2004, 82).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Conflict Between Palestine and Israel specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Various analysts argue that the historical perception involving the breakout of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict is one of the critical factors that have made the conflict to be more severe and uncontrollable. The various historical experiences that the two states have gone through have influenced them to make claims as well as justify their own side on why they should be at war with their neighbor (Matthews 2011, 43). Though the two states have shown their desi re to reach a peaceful resolution, a permanent solution has not been attained. The two states practice different cultures and their official languages also differ. This condition has made it difficult for the two states to reach a peaceful agreement (Fraser 2008, 76). Many people have written different accounts regarding the causes of the conflict between Israel and Palestine. However, most of the information that has been given out by people especially in the internet have only convinced people about the causes of the conflict rather than giving people the right information regarding the real causes of the war (Matthews 2011, 26). Since there are very many people who have written different accounts about the exact causes of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, there are those people who say that it is not possible for a single person to write a summary that details all the causes of the conflict. As a result, the various summaries that have been written regarding the causes of the Isr aeli-Palestinian conflict are not fully accepted by everyone who reads them. However, the various factors that have been attributed to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict include; historical encounter between the Jews and Arabs, occupation and settlements, influence of the Palestinian State, the issue of Palestine refugees, Palestinian Terror groups, repression of the Israelis, and the security of Israel (Abunimah 2007, 98). The goal of this study therefore is to conduct a detailed analysis about the various factors that started the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thesis Statement The conflict between the Israelis and the Palestinians is attributed to the cultural differences that the two societies have with each other. In addition, the two societies fight for the same resources thereby making it difficult for them to come into a peace ful resolution with each other. The violence in the country has also interfered with the positive relations that Israel and Palestine have with other nations. Any efforts that have been applied to end the conflict between the Israelis and Palestinians have only made the conflict to be more severe (Gelvin 2007, 35). Description of the Problem The conflict between the Israelis and the Palestinians has been a subject of discussion by many international organizations. This issue has attracted the attention of various superpowers such as the United States. The US is concerned about ending this conflict because it has made the standards of living of the residents in the region to be unpleasant. Various International Organizations such as the UN believe that there are certain people who are legitimate and who would be willing to do anything so that the violence between the two societies comes to an end (Ross 2005, 78). The conflict between the Israelis and Palestinians is a big problem bec ause it has negatively affected the economic performance of the two states. No investor would be willing to invest in a region that is politically, socially and economically unstable. In addition, very many people live very desperate lives in their country because of the instability that is present in the region ( Nitzan and Bichler 2002, 102). The international community is concerned about the welfare of the innocent people in the two states. In order to ensure that the lives of such people are not put at stake, the international community is intervening by facilitating peaceful agreements between the Israelis and the Palestinians. Purpose Statement The purpose of this study is to analyze the various reasons that led to the conflicts between the Israelis and the Palestinians and the various consequences that the residents of these two states have had to cope with as a result of the conflict.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Conflict Between Palestine and Israel specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It seeks to identify the critical issues that have made it difficult to end the conflict between the two states. It will also provide possible solutions that can help end the conflict that has made the standards of living between the two states to deteriorate. Research Questions This study seeks to answer the following questions Is the cultural difference between the Israelis and Palestinians responsible for the conflict that exists between the two states? Is there any relationship between the conflict and the attitudes of the two states? What role does the history of Israelis and Palestinians play in worsening the conflict between the two states? What measures can be implemented in order to facilitate the attainment of peace between the two states? Are there any measures that can be implemented in order to positively impact on the attitudes of the Israelis and Palestinians? What role do th e terror groups play in promoting violent behavior between the two states? Theoretical Framework Culture plays a very important role in influencing how nations relate with each other. It serves as a very important variable for determining why clashes between states occur. Different societies clash because of greed for power and to satisfy their own self-interests. There are those societies which believe that being powerful makes a society to be stable. However recent studies have shown that culture is an important variable in terms of facilitating or retarding peaceful reconciliations between societies. It has been observed that the only way in which stability between nations can be achieved is when societies understand each other’s’ culture and appreciate it (Milton-Edwards 2009, 34). Culture also has a great influence in politics. The political stand of a particular society is governed by the culture of that society. It is because of this that different societies ha ve different political stands regarding how they wish their countries to be governed ( Nitzan and Bichler 2002, 106). For example, a Muslim dominated society is not ruled in the same way a Christian dominated society is ruled. This indicates that religion also has a strong role to play in influencing the way a society is governed. Inter-personal and Inter-group interactions also influence the manner in which a society is governed. If the members of a society do not relate positively, it is difficult to attain stability in such a society.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The inter-group interactions between the Israelis and Palestinians can therefore be said to play an important role in promoting the violence that is prevalent between the two states. In order for a community to be stable, it needs to ensure that the mode of social communication between the members of the society is positive (Gunderson 2004, 67). This ensures that the members of the society relate with each other peacefully. A society therefore needs to focus on the quality of its interpersonal communication. In order for a society to ensure that its members communicate effectively, all the members should be given equal status in order to ensure that they cooperate in all of their daily activities (Caplan 2011, 78). In a society where people believe that they are superior to the others, it is not possible to reach an agreement thereby making it difficult to achieve peace. Since this is the case between Israelis and Palestinians, it is therefore difficult for the two societies to live peacefully. Background/ Literature Review The historical issues that that have prevailed between Israel and Palestine have played a major role in aggravating the conflict between the two states. For example, it is said that Judea used to be the home of the Jews initially. The Romans then inhabited the region and called it Palestine. The Arabs later conquered Palestine and declared it as their home for many years. A movement referred to as the Zionist movement was later introduced by the Jews whose goal was to enable the Jews return to their homeland. This movement did not put into consideration the large Arab population which had occupied the region at the time. In 1917, the British government required the Arabs to ensure that the Jews who had been chased out of the land found a place to live ( Nitzan and Bichler 2002, 107). However, the Jews did not take this issue lightly and they were not willing to welcome the Jews into the land. The Arabs therefore engaged in riots with the Je ws thereby making the two nations to become enemies. Because of the severe enmity that emerged as a result of the immigration of the Jews into Palestine, the British decided to stop the immigration process in order to stop the conflict that resulted from the immigration ( Nitzan and Bichler 2002, 108). However, the conflict between the Jews and the Arabs did not stop and the number of Jews who were killed in the conflict reached approximately 6 million. This made the British government to increase pressure and allow the Jews to migrate into Palestine forcefully. To end the conflict between the Arabs and the Jews, the United Nations decided to divide the land into Jewish and Arab lands in 1947 ( Kershner 2004, 47). However, this move only made the situation worse leading to a war breakout between the two states. The Jews emerged victorious and therefore decided to increase the size of their state. This led to the displacement of very many Palestinian refugees. As a result, the Arabs were not willing to reconcile with the Jews at all. This then led to the eruption of wars in 1956, 1967, 1973, and 1982 (Ross 2005, 67). The Israelis therefore engaged in a series of reprisals thereby worsening the conflict between the two countries. Since these two countries have different believes about their land, it has not been possible to bring the two states together and reconcile them. The two states argue that the origin of the conflict is the fault of the other state. There is no state that agrees to be the cause of the conflict. They blame each other. The occupation, settlements and land issues have also played a major role in the war between the Palestinians and Israel. The Gaza strip and West bank have been occupied by the Israel people. This region is estimated to be approximately 2,200 square miles. The Jews are said to have occupied this region during the 6 day war of 1967 when they decided to settle in the region. This region had the capacity of holding approximatel y 220,000 people. The Jews mostly occupied the West bank region. However, the Palestinians have always demanded that any land which had been conquered in 1967 belongs to them and that the Jews should evacuate the region (Matthews 2011, 78). However, this was not the case as Israel continued to increase the size of its land. The Jews concentrated on expanding their settlements even during the period when they were engaging in a peace process exercise with the Palestinians in 1993. The peace process continues even today and the Israelis have concentrated their efforts on increasing their settlements even more. Throughout the peace process exercise, Israel agreed to offer 97 percent of West Bank land and the entire Gaza region to the Arabs (Klein 2007, 23). However, the Palestinians did not accept the offer thereby making the peace process unsuccessful. The Palestinian state was formed to enable the Arabs reclaim the whole of Palestine. In 1988, the Palestine Liberation Organization in dicated that it was willing to accept the solution whereby two states would be formed in order to facilitate the peace process. However, the Oslo records whose goal was to facilitate the attainment of a peaceful agreement between the two states continued to settle the Jews thereby making violence between the two states erupt again in 2000. The Palestinians have always demanded for the state of Gaza and West Bank but the Jews have not been willing to let the land off their hands. The Jews are against the creation of a state in Gaza and West bank because they argue that it will act as a region whereby terror groups will reside (Kershner 2004, 13). Israel has also required that Palestine should be a state which does not have a military in order to limit the control that the state has over its resources and borders. Palestinians have however received support from the UN and the United States so that they can have their own Palestine State. However, various Palestine extremists do not su pport the idea of Oslo accords and they are concerned with idea of achieving a fully-fledged Palestinian state. Because of the different interests between the Arabs and the Jews therefore, it has not been possible for the two states to come into an agreement further making it difficult for the two states to devise an effective mechanism of resolving their conflicts (Gunderson 2004, 24). During the war that led to the creation of Israel in 1948, approximately 726,000 Palestinians were declared homeless. There were additional Palestinians who were made to free their state in 1967 (Klein 2007, 45). Today, there are more than 4 million Palestinians who are living as refugees. Most of these refugees live in very poor conditions. They are living in very crowded camps. These camps are located in West bank, Jordan, Syria, Iraq, Lebanon, and Gaza (Kershner 2004, 35). Most of the Palestinians therefore keep demanding that the refugees should be allowed to return to their homes where they can be provided with proper living standards. The Palestinians are supported by the UN General Assembly Resolution which advocates that the refugee Palestinians should be allowed to return to their home in Israel. However, the Israelis also argue that an equal number of Israelis went to the Arab lands in order to run away from the war which erupted when Israel was being created. The Israelis therefore oppose the return of the Palestinian refugees because they claim that this condition would create an influx of Arabs in Israel thereby making Israel an Arab state and remove it from the hands of the Jews. However, there are certain Palestinian groups which argue that when Israel requires that Israel refugees should also be made to return to Israel, Israel would come to an end because fighting would never end between the Jews and the Arabs. Most Palestinians do not have the interests on Israel at heart. Most Palestinian groups were formed in order to bring an end to Israel. The Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) also announced that Palestinians are mostly concerned about how they can participate in terrorist activities effectively. The Oslo Declaration of Principles together with PLO therefore signed an agreement in 1993 which said that Israel has a right to exist. As a result, the activities that Palestinians engage in should ensure that they do not interfere with the usual activities of the Israelites. In order to ensure that the Palestinians agreed to the signed agreement, Israel allowed Palestinian to take control of most parts of Gaza strip and West bank (Said 2001, 98). However, there was a group extremist Palestinians who were not willing to abide to the agreements and they instead started planning on how they would carry out suicide bombings in Israel. In order for the Israelis to cope with the violence that the Palestinians had initiated, the Israelis started to limit the number of Palestinians who came to work in the Israel. The aim of this process wa s to prevent the accumulation of terrorist groups into the region. Israel also ensured that there were strict checks at its borders in order to further limit access of terror groups into the region (Dershowitz 2006, 67). When the border between Israel and Palestine and Israel was closed, the standards of living of the Palestinians started to deteriorate. The workers who were not working in Israel would often be subjected to embarrassing searches. Such people were also made to wait for a very long time at the checkpoints. Because the Israelis did not want to take any chance at the checkpoints, the Israeli Army and Israeli Defense Force (IDF) used to pen fire on any vehicle that they suspected in order to prevent any incidences of suicide attack (Said 2001, 102). However, this nervousness made the Army and the defense force to open fire even on innocent people. The strict checks that were imposed on the borders therefore made it very difficult for the Palestinians to secure jobs in Je rusalem. However, after September 2000, the retaliations that Israel imposed to guard itself from the terror attacks by the Palestinians were made be more intense. Israel also went to an extent of assassinating those terrorists who the Palestinians were not willing to arrest. The Palestinians therefore carried out a series of bombings on March 2002 thereby forcing Israel to launch an operation aimed at occupying most of the regions in the West Bank which were being occupied by the Palestinians. This state of affairs forced Israel to further increase its checkpoints and its periods of curfew. This activity made it difficult for people to carry out their daily activities such as schooling or going to work. Many ditches were dug to surround towns thereby preventing people from leaving or entering towns (Dershowitz 2006, 78). In addition, houses of the terror groups were demolished and Olive groves were also uprooted in order to try and minimize the bombings. However, a study by the Isr aeli Defense Force has shown that the demolitions of the terror group houses did not prevent them from bombing their target areas. As a result, the IDF discontinued the destruction of the houses where suicide bombers used to live. To further tighten the security measures in the region, many Israelis are harassing the Palestinians by destroying their property and killing them whenever they find themselves in uncertain situations (Abunimah 2007, 78). Israel is a rather small country and almost all of Israel’s cities are in the range of any Palestinian state thereby making Israel an insecure country. This makes Israel to insist that Palestine should not have any military forces. West Bank is described as very important and any country would be willing to attack Israel to get West bank. In order for a peaceful coexistence to prevail between Israel and Palestine, Israel insists that Palestine should assure Israel that it would not allow any foreign army to enter its borders so as to ensure that Israel remains secure (Abunimah 2007, 67). However, since Palestine has not been able to honor its agreements with Israel, various conflicts keep erupting because Israel is committed to protecting its borders and would not allow any foreign state to take advantage of it (Caplan 2011, 56). Both Israel and Palestine have a right to the eastern part of Jerusalem. Jerusalem is described as a place where one of the holiest temple is found. The Al-Aqsa mosque is regarded as the holiest mosque by the Islam. This mosque therefore joins together the Jewish and Arabs thereby making them inseparable. The conflicts between Israelis and Palestinians have therefore made some Palestinians and Israelis to vacate the region (Kershner 2004). This condition has further worsened the conflicts between the two groups because each of the groups wants to be associated with the temple. Analysis The Israeli-Palestine conflict is an issue that has attracted the attention of international organi zations and some world superpowers such as the United States. It is also difficult for investors to perform their activities in these countries successfully. To ensure that the peace process exercise is successful, it is important for the International Community to help bring an end to the internal political stalemate between the two countries ( Ler 2008, 78). Without the interference from the International Community, it would not be possible for the two states to achieve any progress in their peace process exercise. However, it is not recommended for the two states to engage in any form of negotiations. This is because these negotiations are said to have a zero percent chance of enabling the two states to reach an agreement that would help bring the conflict to an end (Said 2001, 12). It is feared that any peace process which is characterized by open-ended consultations would result to fresh conflicts. However, these states should devise a mechanism that would enable them to reach agreements that would facilitate the success of the peace process exercise. The US has a significant influence on political stalemate that exists between Israel and Palestine. In order to ensure that these states become peaceful, the US can put in measures to ensure that prohibitions between the two states do not exist ( Ler 2008, 33). However, since the violence between the two states has been felt by the international community, the two states should try and exchange territories. In addition, since Jerusalem is of great importance to the two states, it should be left to act as the capital of the two cities (Ross 2005, 56). The Palestinian refugees who are willing to go back to their home should also be allowed to do so. The various political leaders in the region have also played a major role in fueling the conflicts between the two states. In this perspective therefore, any leader who does not show interest in facilitating the peace process between the two states should be remove d from power. Such a person should be removed from power he was brought into power through the ballot box. Using force to remove the politicians from power could further make it difficult to achieve peace between the two states. The economic peace of any country has a very critical role to play in encouraging investors to visit a given country. It is therefore important for the two states to focus on the manner in which they can improve their economic performance and forget about the differences that they have. Most of the Palestinians and Israelis would love peace to prevail in the region (Gunderson 2004, 82). However, they are in a state of uncertainty on whether the other party would be willing to reconcile. This state of uncertainty is brought by the politicians and the Israel and Palestinian extremists who believe that the two states should operate independently and not interfere with the activities of the other state. It has been noted that majority of the Israelis and Palesti nians would agree to the idea that would seem effective in ending the conflict between the two states (Said 2001, 56). They would even go against the will of their political leaders to ensure that peace prevails between the two states. The only limiting factor in this case is that most of the Israelis and Palestinians do not believe that there is a real partner for peace on the other side. There is a group of experts which stipulates that countries such as the United States and major International Organizations should employ diplomatic tools which would be effective in enhancing peace between the two states. However, these bodies should take caution because there are certain unplanned events which can occur when the diplomatic tools are used. The tools used can further aggravate the situation in these two states if they are not implemented in the right manner (Abunimah 2007, 15). The tools might also fail to work because the violence between the two states is characterized by uncert ainty. Powerful nations and the international community need to ensure that the intolerable behaviors of the Israelis and Palestinians are put to an end. The legitimate Palestinians and Israelis should be allowed to live in peace and feel secure (Matthews 2011, 79). The international community therefore needs to provide ample security in Palestine and Israel in order to ensure that usual activities within the region are conducted smoothly. Conclusion From the analysis therefore, it is true that the conflict between Israel and Palestine is an issue that that has attracted the attention of the international community. These states are said to have engaged in the conflict in order to liberate themselves from the challenges that they were facing. The conflict is so intense in that the United Nations has not been successful in its efforts aimed at ending the conflict. Instead, the situation keeps getting worse between the two states (Matthews 2011, 78). The conflict has made the living c onditions of the residents in the area to be intolerable. The hopes of reaching a peaceful resolution between the two states are fading slowly because the two states are ever suspicious of each other. Since it is true that peace talks would not be effective in ending the conflict between the two states, the International Community should come in and help reduce the conflict between the two societies (Ler 2008, 25). It can do this by addressing the negative attitudes that the two groups have towards each other. It should also deploy security personnel in the two states whose goal would be to protect the interests of the legitimate people in the region. Bibliography Abunimah, Ali. 2007. One Country: A Bold Proposal to End the Israeli-Palestinian Impasse. New York: Henry Holt and Company. Caplan, Neil. 2011. The Israel-Palestine Conflict: Contested Histories. New York: John Wiley Sons. Dershowitz, Alan. 2006. The Case for Peace: How the Arab-Israeli Conflict Can Be Resolved. New York: John Wiley Sons. Fraser, T G. 2008. The Arab-Israeli conflict. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. Gelvin, James L. 2007. The Israel-Palestine Conflict: One Hundred Years of War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Gunderson, Cory Gideon. 2004. The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. Minneapolis MN: ABDO. Kershner, Isabel. Barrier: 2004. The Seam of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict. Hampshire: Palgrave MacMillan. Klein, Menachem. 2007. A Possible Peace Between Israel and Palestine: An Insider’s Account of the Geneva Initiative. Columbia: Columbia University Press. Ler, Gregory. 2008. Israel’s Rising Economy and Its Drawbacks – Causes, Consequences and Remedies. Munich: GRIN Verlag. Matthews, Elizabeth. 2011. The Israel-Palestine Conflict. New York: Taylor Francis. Milton-Edwards, Beverley. 2009. The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: A People’s War. New York: Taylor Francis. Nitzan, Jonathan, and Shimshon Bichler. 2002. The Global Political Economy Of Israel. Lond on: Pluto Press. Ross, Dennis. 2005. The Missing Peace: The Inside Story Of The Fight For Middle East Peace. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Said, Edward W. 2001. The End of the Peace Process: Oslo and After. London: Vintage Books. This research paper on Conflict Between Palestine and Israel was written and submitted by user Samara C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

kkk in the 1920s essays

kkk in the 1920s essays The Ku Klux Klan, is a secret terrorist organization that originated in the southern states during the period of Reconstruction following the American Civil War and was reactivated on a wider geographic basis in the 20th century. The original Klan was organized in Pulaski, Tennessee, during the winter of 1865 to 1866, by six former Confederate army officers who gave their society a name adapted from the Greek word kuklos ("circle"). Although the Ku Klux Klan began as a prankish social organization, its activities soon were directed against the Republican Reconstruction governments and their leaders, both black and white, which came to power in the southern states in The Ku Klux Klan's long history of violence grew out of the resentment and hatred many white Southerners felt in the aftermath of the Civil War. Blacks, having won the struggle for freedom from slavery, were now faced with a new struggle against widespread racism and the terrorism brought about by the Ku Klux Klan. While the menace of the KKK has peaked and waned over the William J. Simmons, a veteran, preacher and salesman, was a compulsive joiner, holding memberships in many different societies and two churches. He had always dreamed of starting his own fraternal group and in the fall of 1915 he put his plans into action. On Thanksgiving Eve, Simmons herded 15 fellow fraternalists onto a bus and drove them from Atlanta to nearby Stone Mountain. There, before a cross of pine boards, Simmons lit a match and the Ku Klux Klan of the 20th century was born. In 1920, the "re-born" Klan consisted only of a few thousand members. With the help of two publicists, Simmons spread the word of the Klan around the U.S. like wildfire. The Klan was to be pro-American, which to them meant anti-black, anti-Jewish and most importantly, anti-Catholic. The Klan grew rapidly from a ...

Language and Literacy in Children Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Language and Literacy in Children - Assignment Example Children use different literate behaviours in different contexts based on the grounds of language. (2006a) Language is partitioned into syntax, phonology, semantics, and pragmatics, each with distinctive characteristics. The semantic system bears little resemblance to the structure of phonology or the rules of communication. The mapping of words onto representations of the world appears very different from the mapping of articulatory movements onto sounds or sounds onto written letters (Bialystok, 2001, p. 24). Moreover the systems appear at different times, starting with detection of the phonological and prosodic features of language and moving to adept, persuasive prose. Vocabulary and communicative skills change throughout the child life span, whereas command of the phonological and grammatical structure of one's native tongue rarely changes radically after middle childhood. (Amsel, 2002, p. 6) Language along with the context of learning is not purely a matter of speech. Gestures of the arms, hands and face also contribute meaningfully towards essential properties of learning. Language unfolds in predictable stages from infancy through early childhood, with production lagging behind perception and comprehension. The most important aspects of language and syntax emerge between the ages of two and four and seem to be governed by a sensitive period of growth. For many years, the development of theories about the way children learn to read and write was dominated by studies of English-speaking populations. As we have learned more about the way that children learn to read and write other scripts whether they have less regularity in their grapheme phoneme correspondences or do not make use of alphabetic symbols in all it has become clear that many of the difficulties that confront children learning to read and write English specifically are less evident, or even non-existent, in other populations. At the same time, some aspects of learning to read and write are very similar across scripts. When learning to read and write is examined from a unique cross-linguistic perspective, it is found that there are several ways to develop a child's skill towards learning reading and writing. (Light et al, 2000,p. 55) In this respect Japanese, Greek and the Scandinavian languages as well as English, demonstrates several ways showing how the processes of learning to read and spell are affected by the characteristics of the writing system that children are learning to master. Language and literacy starts just after the birth of a child, as this is the time when they start hearing and recognizing sounds. Very young infants cannot speak, but they are capable of perceiving aspects of speech long before they can produce them. One way to show this in a baby is to connect an artificial nipple to a tape recorder, so that every time the baby sucks a speech sound is played. The experiment shows the infants seem to enjoy sucking for sound almost as much as they enjoy sucking for milk. After hearing the same sound for a while, however the baby loses interest and the sucking rate drops. Thus he has actually learned the phenomenon of habituation, which

SQL database paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

SQL database paper - Essay Example The customerID field is a unique area because each customer will have their unique customerID thus the reason for its use as the primary key. The newly introduced tables allow us to have several booked tours associated with a customer thus increasing the flexibility of the system. It also reduces the storage space required. The tour1NF tables are added to allow customers to make several orders (â€Å"Informix Guide†, 1998). A table that keeps tours sold and tour customer data, holds, address, customer name, city, zip code state, tour(s) selected, total amount paid and the number of persons in the tour. Therefore, the structure will be able to show the customer in case he/she books more than once. Data modelling refers the process of examining data-oriented structures, in that you single out entity types into which attributes are assigned to. The conceptual model can be used to represent the data above. To make the table2NF compliant we introduce the customerID field as the primary key of the customer table and the foreign key of the newly created table in 1NF tours selected table. This makes the table 2NF compliant. Using the salesperson table that was described earlier the most appropriate trigger would be a Data Modelling Language (DML) trigger. The trigger is initiated every moment the salesperson sales a tour. In the new data model the customer information is subsidiary to sales information, the trigger is identified as â€Å"for each statement type† and is an additional data set for the salesperson each time the tour booking triggers the event. Using the salesperson table described the appropriate trigger would be a Data Manipulation Language (DML) trigger and would be initiated each time a tour operator sells a new tour. Under the new structure in which the client information is subordinate to sales information, this trigger would be identified as â€Å"for each statement type† and would add data set for the

TERMS AND CONDITONS Essay Example for Free

TERMS AND CONDITONS Essay Parents, Guardians and Participants over age 18, please carefully read the TERMS AND CONDITIONS below and provide your signature demonstrating that you have read and understood them. IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS REGARDING THE FOLLOWING MATERIAL CALL THE PHONE NUMBER GIVEN AT THE END OF THIS APPLICATION FORM. 1. The CYC Summer Program is a week long volunteer program of Credit Valley Conservation for high school aged youth living or going to school in the Credit River watershed area. 2. CYC agrees to provide evidence of a student’s volunteer participation for their community involvement hours requirement for high school graduation or for any other request for verification of volunteer hours upon the completion of their time with us (i. e.: we sign your form at the end of the week). 3. Credit Valley Conservation will not pay a salary or hourly wage to CYC participants. 4. CYC week long programs offer up to 35 hours volunteer time to high school students. Credit for additional hours can be obtained from CVC by participating in other CVC run volunteer events. 5. CYC will provide transportation to and from the assigned meeting place and all CYC work or activity sites only. 6. Transportation to and from the designated meeting place each morning will be the participants’ responsibility. 7. Volunteer contributions accumulate each day once a participant is picked up by the CYC Crew Leader in the morning at the assigned meeting place and stop once returned to the meeting place at the end of the day. 8. Only actual volunteered time will be reflected in our records and on any document CVC provides as evidence of volunteered time. For civic holidays, cancellation of a day’s activities, or for any reason a participant has missed a day, volunteer hours will not be calculated. 9. Each day volunteers will be given a break for lunch and routine breaks in both the morning and afternoon. 10. Participants will be supervised by CYC Crew Leaders and CVC staff. 11. Participants shall return any equipment or supplies provided to them unless otherwise stated. 12. Participants for the week are expected to be present on the first day of each new week for health and safety orientation, code of conduct information and other relevant training or preparation. 13. Continued participation in CYC is dependant upon adherence to all rules, safety guidelines and any instructions as given by CVC staff including CYC’s Code of Conduct as found on our website www.creditvalleyca.ca/cyc. 14. In the event that a health and safety policy or safety standard is being or is about to be violated, or if a person is in any jeopardy, immediate action will be taken by the site supervisor in charge to restore and/or maintain safety at all times. This may result in some of the following actions but not limited to: the cancellation of or alteration to a CYC activity, the removal of any number of individuals from the activity or the program, or refusal to permit an individual(s) from participating in an activity on the grounds that it may constitute a safety policy violation or failure to meet a safety standard. 15. Participants must report all injuries, no matter how slight, to their supervisor. 16. CVC reserves the right to terminate this program or the placement status of any participant at any time for failure to comply with these terms and conditions. INFORMED CONSENT, MEDICAL, PHOTOGRAPHIC RELEASE GENERAL PERMISSION, Parents, Guardians, and participants over age 18 please carefully read the paragraphs below and provide your signatures in the spaces provided demonstrating that you have read and understood them. IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS REGARDING THE FOLLOWING MATERIAL CALL THE PHONE NUMBER GIVEN AT THE END OF THIS APPLICATION FORM. INFORMED CONSENT ELEMENTS OF RISK Certain RISKS OF INJURY, DANGERS and HAZARDS are inherent to participation in  this Activity. The dangers and hazards include but are not limited to: falling on or over steep, uneven, slippery or jagged ground, walking where branches, rocks, roots, fences or other obstacles or hazards may cause a person to trip or fall, walking through or beside streams, creeks, rivers, ponds and lakes, injury from tools like shovels, hammers or other hand tools, sudden extreme weather conditions, encounters with wildlife, interaction with vehicle traffic and miscellaneous health problems related to over-exposure to the sun, insect bites, fatigue and exertion. These dangers and hazards can be beyond the control of CVC and may result from the Participant’s actions or inactions, or the actions or inactions of others including CVC, or a combination of all the aforementioned. The chance of an injury occurring can be reduced by carefully following instructions at all times while engaged in the Ac tivity. If you choose to participate in the Activity, as previously described, you must understand that you bear the responsibility for any injury that may occur. MEDICAL TREATMENT I/ We consent for the Participant, in the event of injury or illness while under the supervision of the Credit Valley Conservation (CVC), to receive first aid and/or any further medical attention that potentially may be required to the extent determined by, and at the discretion of CVC staff, emergency medical services, and licensed medical professionals. PHOTOGRAPHIC RELEASE [To be read and signed by all Participants and by Parents of Participants under the age of 18 years] I/We agree to grant permission for images of the Participant captured during the activity through use of video, photo and digital camera, to be used by CVC for promotional purposes including internet, social marketing media, printed materials and appearance in local news media and do hereby waive any rights of compensation or ownership. Application Check List: On-line Applications: Is all required information entered? A parent or guardian has read and understood the TERMS AND CONDITIONS and INFORMED CONSENT, MEDICAL, PHOTOGRAPHIC RELEASE GENERAL PERMISSION? These pages have been signed by a parent or guardian (or by the participant if they are over the age of 18) These pages are ready to be mailed, emailed or faxed to CVC within one week of completing the on-line application. (They must be submitted in order for application to be deemed complete. Remember that incomplete applications will not be considered for placement). You are able to receive emails from [emailprotected] in order to receive confirmation of acceptance to program. You will have to respond to this email to confirm attendance. Ensure emails from us will not go into your junk folder.